Eradicating Polio in Balochistan: An Analysis of the Challenges and Solutions to This Security and Health Issue

Abstract

In many regions with limited health care access and vaccination programs, the eradication of polio remains a critical public health challenge. Understanding the level of polio awareness and knowledge among high-risk populations is crucial for disease prevention. Pakistan continues to be one of the three remaining countries where indigenous wild poliovirus transmission persists, with Balochistan, a high-risk province, facing significant challenges. These challenges include low vaccination coverage, limited accessibility, inadequate community engagement, and persistent security issues. This qualitative study aims to address the hurdles of polio eradication in Balochistan by exploring vaccine hesitancy causes and identifying opportunities for community engagement and leadership in promoting vaccine acceptance. Through interviews and data analysis, we examine potential solutions and obstacles encountered in eliminating polio from Balochistan. Our findings highlight the significance of sustained community participation, targeted education campaigns, and culturally sensitive approaches to address vaccine hesitancy. Additionally, coordinated interventions, such as strengthening vaccination infrastructure, improving healthcare access, and addressing security concerns, are crucial in overcoming the challenges of polio eradication. This study contributes to the existing literature by elucidating the specific challenges and opportunities related to polio eradication in Balochistan. The insights gained inform policymakers and public health practitioners in designing effective strategies for enhancing vaccination acceptance and community engagement. By directly addressing these issues, significant progress can be made towards a polio-free Balochistan, furthering global efforts to eradicate polio.